Three Grounds Walk Into A Shack: Lightning, RF, And The Bond Between Them

Greyline Performance Antennas

Signal Lab -- The Week's Lesson

An operator wrote in this week with the grounding question -- the one every ham asks eventually, because the word "ground" gets used for three different jobs and the hobby rarely stops to untangle them. Here is the untangling.

Job One: Lightning Protection

This ground exists to give a strike somewhere better to go than through your radio. It is ground rods, heavy conductors, short straight runs, and arrestors at the entry panel -- a safety system, governed by electrical code, and it belongs on every station regardless of what antenna you run. The canonical text is Ward Silver, N0AX, Grounding and Bonding for the Radio Amateur (ARRL) -- read it before the storm season does its own inspection, and let your local code have the final word on your installation.

Job Two: The RF Return

This is the "ground" people mean when they bury radials -- the return half of a quarter-wave antenna's circuit. Rudy Severns, N6LF, measured in QEX what the earth charges for that service in loss. A Greyline vertical dipole does not hire the earth for this job at all: both halves are in the air and the circuit completes by design, which is why there are no radials to bury. But note what that does NOT mean -- it does not mean you can skip Job One. No antenna design exempts a station from lightning protection.

Job Three: The Bond

Bonding ties every ground in the system -- utility, station, tower, arrestor -- into one electrical point, so a nearby strike cannot create a voltage difference between two "grounds" and send current through your gear to equalize it. Most grounding damage stories are actually bonding stories. N0AX again: single point, everything connected, no exceptions.

And The Fourth Thing People Call Ground

RF on the radio chassis -- the hot-mic bite, the USB dropouts -- is usually not a grounding problem at all. It is common-mode current on the coax shield, and the measured cure is a proper choke at the feedpoint. Jim Brown, K9YC, published the definitive ferrite data; his work is why our chokes are built the way they are.

See the Greyline RF Chokes →
See the Feedline System Kits →

Homework, free of charge: N0AX's book for the safety half, K9YC's choke papers for the RF half, and the TopBand archive at lists.contesting.com for thirty years of both being argued by people with measurement gear. That is the bookshelf; we just point at it.

Ham Radio is fun again! Pass it on...

73,
Jon Kimball, KL2A
Greyline Performance -- Sun Valley, Idaho
435-200-4902

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